Hedge Fund Industry Strategy
34% Long/Short Equity
16% Event Driven
8% Global Macro, Convertible Bond, Fixed Income
6% Equity Market Neutral, Emerging Markets
7% Managed Futures, Other
Arbitrages
American Depositary Receipt Arbitrage – between ADR and local shares
Off-the-run and on-the-run 30yr bonds – betting on the narrowing of spread
Short Selling
Risks
- Unlimited downside
- Short squeeze
- Dividend payout
- Up-tick rule
- Call-in
Long/Short Equity
- Buy cheap and sell expensive
- Share class arbitrage
- Pairs trading between two companies in same industry
- Buy stock and sell out-of-the-money call
Merger Arbitrage
- Merger and acquisition
Fixed Income Arbitrage – Exploit misprices in the market, opposite of directional trading
- Issuance driven – on-the-run and next to last treasuries with similar maturity dates will converrt
- Yield curve arbitrage – butterfly trade – open a position between two different maturities
• Yield curve flattener – short short maturity and long long maturity, betting that short rate would go up because of volatility
• Yield curve steepener – long short maturity and short long maturity, taking a short position on volatility
• Butterfly – betting the curve would become smooth
- Intermarket spread – two yield curves of different currencies
- Basis trading – between price of a future contract and the price of the instrument to be delivered
- Swap Spread – between an interest rate swap and a treasury having similar duration
- Carry Trade – buying bonds with yield higher than the cost of borrowing
• intra-curve – borrowing at 3-mo to purchase 10-yr
• inter-curve – borrowing US treasury to purchase foreign treasury
• Low cost of capital makes money easy to come by
- Treasury-over-Eurodollar (TED) Spread
- Long/Short Credit or Credit Pair Trading
• High-yield bond market accounts for about 20% of corporate bonds
• CDS makes it possible to have credit exposure without the underlying bonds
• Long/Short bonds of companies with similar fundamentals betting yield spread would converge
• Long equity tranche of CDO, short credit using CDS, financed by shorting senior tranche
CDO
- CLO – Collateralized Loan Obligation
- CBO – Collateralized Bond Obligation
- ABS – Asset Backed
- SCO – Synthetic Collateralized Obligation from CDS
- CDO – CDO from a bucket of CDOs
- Sources of cash flow
• Home Equity
• Credit Card
• Auto Loan
• Student Loan
• Equipment Leases
- Tranche Ratings
• Aaa, Aa, A – OK
• Baa, Ba, B – over 90% combined default